Citations are used to refer to original materials when ideas or quotes are included.
In-text references show the source identifier, and the associated Bibliography citations provide the complete information about the cited materials. There are various styles and formats used depending upon discipline standards, but they all serve the same purpose. This page includes the main styles used in the academic community.
Many of our databases provide Cites for individual articles on the far right column of the complete item record (found by clicking on the title of your result records). Alternatively, the Zotero software can embed in-text references and bibliographies into your papers...after you have captured documents into your personal library.
For an overview about when to use citations to credit others for their work ... and avoiding plagiarizing ... see our page on Plagiarism.
There are many ways to write, depending upon your intended audience...review our page on identifying the elements of Scholarly Writing.
Subject-specific writing guidelines are found at OWL: Subject-Specific Resources.
Most of our search databases can provide various citation styles for individual articles:
SHORT VIDEO: Capture a citation from the book catalog and Central Index.
For additional information about tools to help you capture citations, text, data, and other media see our Citation and Document Management page.
Use for chemistry
The ACS now accepts a variety of standard reference and citation styles. See the APA style guide on this page for a common style.
Use for nursing and the social sciences.
Use for biological sciences.
Use for literature, the arts, and the humanities
